ACE Director Alum Daniel Morgan, founder of Morgan's Library, is scheduling
complimentary technical Workshops on Database Security for the first 30
Oracle Database customers located anywhere in North America, EMEA, LATAM, or
APAC that send an email to
asra_us@oracle.com. Request a Workshop for
your organization today.
Basic Inserts
Single Column Table Or View
INSERT INTO <table_name>
(<column_name>)
VALUES
(<value>);
CREATE TABLE state (
state_abbrev VARCHAR2(2));
INSERT INTO state
(state_abbrev)
VALUES
('WA');
COMMIT;
SELECT * FROM state;
Multiple Column Table Or View - All Columns
INSERT INTO <table_name>
VALUES
(<comma_separated_value_list>);
ALTER TABLE state
ADD (state_name VARCHAR2(30));
desc state
INSERT INTO state
(state_abbrev, state_name)
VALUES
('OR', 'Oregon');
COMMIT;
SELECT * FROM state;
Multiple Column Table Or View - Not All Columns
INSERT INTO <table_name>
(<comma_separated_column_name_list>)
VALUES
(<comma_separated_value_list>);
RENAME state TO state_city;
ALTER TABLE state_city
ADD (city_name VARCHAR2(30));
desc state_city
INSERT INTO state_city
(state_abbrev, city_name)
VALUES
('CA', 'San Francisco');
COMMIT;
SELECT * FROM state_city;
Problem Not Specifying Column Names Demo
INSERT INTO <table_name> (<comma_separated_column_name_list>)
VALUES
(<comma_separated_value_list>);
desc state_city
INSERT INTO state_city
VALUES
('NV', 'Nevada', 'Las Vegas');
desc state_city
INSERT SELECT
Insert From SELECT statement
INSERT INTO <table_name> <SELECT Statement>;
CREATE TABLE zip_new (
zip_code VARCHAR2(5) NOT NULL,
state_abbrev VARCHAR2(2) NOT NULL,
city_name VARCHAR2(30));
INSERT INTO zip_new
(SELECT zip_code, state_abbrev, city_name
FROM postal_code);
SELECT * FROM zip_new;
RECORD INSERT
Insert Using A Record
INSERT INTO <table_name>
VALUES <record_name>;
CREATE TABLE t AS
SELECT table_name, tablespace_name
FROM all_tables;
SELECT COUNT(*)
FROM t;
DECLARE
trec t%ROWTYPE;
BEGIN
trec.table_name := 'NEW';
trec.tablespace_name := 'NEW_TBSP';
INSERT INTO t
VALUES trec;
COMMIT;
END;
/
SELECT COUNT(*)
FROM t;
INSERT WHEN
Demo Table DDL
CREATE TABLE emp (
empno NUMBER(4) NOT NULL,
ename VARCHAR2(10),
job VARCHAR2(9),
mgr NUMBER(4),
hiredate DATE,
sal NUMBER(7,2),
comm NUMBER(7,2),
deptno NUMBER(2));
CREATE TABLE emp_10 AS SELECT * FROM emp WHERE 1=0;
CREATE TABLE emp_20 AS SELECT * FROM emp WHERE 1=0;
CREATE TABLE emp_30 AS SELECT * FROM emp WHERE 1=0;
CREATE TABLE leftover AS SELECT * FROM emp WHERE 1=0;
INSERT
WHEN (<condition>) THEN
INTO <table_name> (<column_list>)
VALUES (<values_list>)
WHEN (<condition>) THEN
INTO <table_name> (<column_list>)
VALUES (<values_list>)
ELSE
INTO <table_name> (<column_list>)
VALUES (<values_list>)
SELECT <column_list> FROM <table_name>;
INSERT
WHEN (deptno=10) THEN
INTO emp_10 (empno,ename,job,mgr,sal,deptno)
VALUES (empno,ename,job,mgr,sal,deptno)
WHEN (deptno=20) THEN
INTO emp_20 (empno,ename,job,mgr,sal,deptno)
VALUES (empno,ename,job,mgr,sal,deptno)
WHEN (deptno=30) THEN
INTO emp_30 (empno,ename,job,mgr,sal,deptno)
VALUES (empno,ename,job,mgr,sal,deptno)
ELSE
INTO leftover (empno,ename,job,mgr,sal,deptno)
VALUES (empno,ename,job,mgr,sal,deptno)
SELECT * FROM emp;
SELECT * FROM emp_10;
SELECT * FROM emp_20;
SELECT * FROM emp_30;
SELECT * FROM leftover;
INSERT ALL
Without the WHEN clause INSERT ALL performs all inserts unconditionally
INSERT ALL
INTO <table_name> VALUES <column_name_list)
INTO <table_name> VALUES <column_name_list)
...
<SELECT Statement>;
INSERT ALL
INTO ap_cust VALUES (customer_id, program_id, delivered_date)
INTO ap_orders VALUES (order_date, program_id)
SELECT program_id, delivered_date, customer_id, order_date
FROM airplanes;
SELECT * FROM ap_cust
WHERE rownum < 1001;
SELECT * FROM ap_orders
WHERE rownum < 1001;
CREATE TABLE t (
pid NUMBER(5),
fname VARCHAR2(20),
lname VARCHAR2(25));
INSERT ALL
INTO t (pid, fname, lname)
VALUES (1, 'Dan', 'Morgan')
INTO t (pid, fname, lname)
VALUES (2, 'Jeremiah', 'Wilton')
INTO t (pid, fname, lname)
VALUES (3, 'Helen', 'Lofstrom')
SELECT * FROM dual;
And thank you to Ranit Biswas for catching a typo in this section.
INSERT ALL
WHEN (<condition>) THEN
INTO <table_name> (<column_list>)
VALUES (<values_list>)
WHEN (<condition>) THEN
INTO <table_name> (<column_list>)
VALUES (<values_list>)
ELSE
INTO <table_name> (<column_list>)
VALUES (<values_list>)
SELECT <column_list> FROM <table_name>;
INSERT ALL
WHEN (deptno=10) THEN
INTO emp_10 (empno,ename,job,mgr,sal,deptno)
VALUES (empno,ename,job,mgr,sal,deptno)
WHEN (deptno=20) THEN
INTO emp_20 (empno,ename,job,mgr,sal,deptno)
VALUES (empno,ename,job,mgr,sal,deptno)
WHEN (deptno<=30) THEN
INTO emp_30 (empno,ename,job,mgr,sal,deptno)
VALUES (empno,ename,job,mgr,sal,deptno)
ELSE
INTO leftover (empno,ename,job,mgr,sal,deptno)
VALUES (empno,ename,job,mgr,sal,deptno)
SELECT * FROM emp;
SELECT * FROM emp_10;
SELECT * FROM emp_20;
SELECT * FROM emp_30;
SELECT * FROM leftover;
INSERT FIRST WHEN
The WHEN clause is evaluated in the order in which it appears in the statement.
For the first WHEN clause that evaluates to true, the database executes the corresponding INTO clause and skips subsequent WHEN clauses for the given row
INSERT FIRST
WHEN <condition> THEN
INTO <table_name> VALUES <column_name_list)
INTO <table_name> VALUES <column_name_list)
...
<SELECT Statement>;
INSERT FIRST
WHEN customer_id < 'I' THEN
INTO cust_ah
VALUES (customer_id, program_id, delivered_date)
WHEN customer_id < 'Q' THEN
INTO cust_ip
VALUES (customer_id, program_id, delivered_date)
WHEN customer_id > 'PZZZ' THEN
INTO cust_qz
VALUES (customer_id, program_id, delivered_date)
SELECT program_id, delivered_date, customer_id, order_date
FROM airplanes;
SELECT customer_id, COUNT(*)
FROM cust_ah
GROUP BY customer_id;
SELECT customer_id, COUNT(*)
FROM cust_ip
GROUP BY customer_id;
SELECT customer_id, COUNT(*)
FROM cust_qz
GROUP BY customer_id;
INSERT WITH CHECK OPTION
Note: Use WITH CHECK OPTION to indicate that Oracle prohibits any changes to the table or view that would produce rows that are not included in the subquery
CHECK OPTION demo
INSERT INTO (
<SQL_statement> WITH CHECK OPTION)
VALUES
(value_list);
conn uwclass/uwclass
CREATE TABLE dept (
deptno NUMBER(2),
dname VARCHAR2(15),
loc VARCHAR2(15));
INSERT INTO dept VALUES (10, 'ACCOUNTING', 'NEW YORK');
INSERT INTO dept VALUES (20, 'RESEARCH', 'DALLAS');
INSERT INTO dept VALUES (30, 'SALES', 'CHICAGO');
INSERT INTO dept VALUES (40, 'OPERATIONS', 'BOSTON');
COMMIT;
SELECT * FROM dept;
INSERT INTO (
SELECT deptno, dname, loc
FROM dept
WHERE deptno < 30)
VALUES (98, 'TRAVEL', 'SEATTLE');
SELECT * FROM dept;
INSERT INTO (
SELECT deptno, dname, loc
FROM dept
WHERE deptno < 30 WITH CHECK OPTION)
VALUES (99, 'TRAVEL', 'SEATTLE');
SELECT * FROM dept;
Anonymous Block Insert
Demo Insert Statement
BEGIN
<INSERT Statements>
END;
/
TRUNCATE TABLE zip_new;
-- copy the following 10 lines into SQL*Plus as is:
INSERT INTO zip_new
VALUES ('98101', 'WA', 'Seattle');
INSERT INTO zip_new
VALUES ('98004', 'WA', 'Bellevue');
INSERT INTO zip_new
VALUES ('98040', 'WA', 'Mercer Is.');
INSERT INTO zip_new
VALUES ('98072', 'WA', 'Woodinville');
INSERT INTO zip_new
VALUES ('98065', 'CA', 'Los Angeles');
SELECT * FROM zip_new;
ROLLBACK;
BEGIN
INSERT INTO zip_new
VALUES ('98101', 'WA', 'Seattle');
INSERT INTO zip_new
VALUES ('98004', 'WA', 'Bellevue');
INSERT INTO zip_new
VALUES ('98040', 'WA', 'Mercer Is.');
INSERT INTO zip_new
VALUES ('98072', 'WA', 'Woodinville');
INSERT INTO zip_new
VALUES ('98065', 'CA', 'Los Angeles');
END;
/
SELECT * FROM zip_new;
Inserting Into A SELECT Statement
Demo Insert Statement
INSERT INTO (<SELECT Statement>);
SELECT empno, ename, job, sal, deptno
FROM emp;
INSERT INTO (
SELECT empno, ename, job, sal, deptno
FROM emp)
VALUES
(1, 'MORGAN', 'DBA', '1', 40);
SELECT * FROM emp;
Insert using a Common Table Expression (WITH Clause)
The Library thanks Oracle ACE Director Lucas Jellema for this contribution very slightly rewritten to match library format.
Note: This statement will crash a session in unpatched 11.2.0.3 due to a bug but works in other tested versions.
CREATE TABLE seats (
rid NUMBER(3),
roww NUMBER(3) NOT NULL,
position VARCHAR2(1) NOT NULL);
ALTER TABLE seats
ADD CONSTRAINT pk_seats
PRIMARY KEY (rid);
INSERT INTO seats
(rid, roww, position)
WITH q_positions AS (
SELECT CHR(64+level) position
FROM dual
CONNECT BY level < 7),
q_rowws AS (
SELECT level roww
FROM dual
CONNECT BY level < 47)
SELECT rownum, roww, position
FROM q_positions CROSS JOIN q_rowws;
Create Table INSERT (CTAS)
Demo Table Creation Insert
CREATE TABLE <table_name> AS <SELECT Statement>;
CREATE TABLE servers_bak AS
SELECT *
FROM servers;
